A dry mouth from time to time is normal, but if it’s persistent, it could be a sign of an underlying condition called Sjögren’s syndrome.
Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the glands that produce saliva and tears. This leads to dry mouth and dry eyes, but it can also affect other parts of the body.
What Are the Signs and Symptoms?
The most common symptoms include:
- A persistent dry mouth.
- Dry, gritty, or irritated eyes.
- Difficulty chewing, swallowing, or speaking.
- A burning sensation in the mouth or tongue.
- Changes in taste.
- Frequent mouth ulcers.
- Swollen salivary glands, particularly near the cheeks or jaw.
- Fatigue and joint pain.
Not everyone experiences the same symptoms, and they can range from mild to severe.
Why Is Saliva So Important?
Saliva protects your teeth and mouth by:
- Washing away food particles and bacteria.
- Neutralising acids that cause tooth decay.
- Helping repair early enamel damage.
- Keeping the mouth comfortable and making it easier to eat and speak.
Without enough saliva, the risk of tooth decay, gum disease, oral thrush, bad breath, and difficulty wearing dentures increases significantly.
How Is Sjögren’s Syndrome Managed?
There is no cure, but the symptoms can usually be managed effectively.
Treatment may include:
- Drinking water regularly throughout the day.
- Using saliva substitutes or oral moisturising gels.
- Chewing sugar-free gum or using xylitol products to stimulate saliva, if appropriate.
- Prescription medications that increase saliva production for some patients.
- Managing dry eyes with lubricating eye drops under the guidance of an eye care professional.
- Excellent oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups.
Because people with Sjögren’s syndrome have a much higher risk of tooth decay, your dentist may also recommend high-fluoride toothpaste or other fluoride treatments to help protect your teeth.
When Should You Seek Advice?
If you’ve had a persistent dry mouth or dry eyes for several months, or you’re experiencing frequent tooth decay despite good oral hygiene, it’s worth discussing your symptoms with your GP, dentist, or a rheumatologist. Early diagnosis can help improve your quality of life and reduce complications.
The Bottom Line
Sjögren’s syndrome affects much more than just saliva and tears. It can have a significant impact on your oral health, making preventive dental care especially important.
At Dural Dental Practice, we understand the challenges that come with chronic dry mouth. We can help you protect your teeth, manage the effects of reduced saliva, and work alongside your medical team to keep your mouth healthy and comfortable for years to come.
